Our app saves its data to iCloud by default. In most cases, this is working as intended & the data can be synced across devices with no problems. But recently, in testing, we discovered a situation where it's possible to save data before the NSMetadataQuery finishes & starts downloading the cloud files. When this happens, the query will then finish, and return the NEW file (with no other versions or conflicts). Is there a way to ensure that writing a file (version A) to ubiquitous storage when another version (version B) exists in the cloud is treated as a conflict, rather than just stomping all over the other version? I've tried querying the file metadata for the file URL (NSURLIsUbiquitousItemKey, NSMetadataUbiquitousItemDownloadingStatusKey, NSURLUbiquitousItemDownloadRequestedKey, NSURLUbiquitousItemHasUnresolvedConflictsKey) before saving, but it just returns nil.

I'm trying to use the new (in tvOS 26) video streaming service automatic login API from the VideoSubscriberAccount framework: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/videosubscriberaccount/vsuseraccountmanager/autosignintoken-swift.property It seems that this API requires an entitlement. This document suggests that the com.apple.smoot.subscriptionservice entitlement is required. https://developer.apple.com/documentation/videosubscriberaccount/signing-people-in-to-media-apps-automatically However, it seems more likely that com.apple.developer.video-subscriber-single-sign-on is the correct entitlement. https://developer.apple.com/documentation/bundleresources/entitlements/com.apple.developer.video-subscriber-single-sign-on Which is the correct entitlement and how do I obtain it? I don't want to fully comply with the video partner program. https://developer.apple.com/programs/video-partner/ I just want to use this one new automatic login feature.

Hi all, I am using SwiftData and cloudkit and I am having an extremely persistent bug. I am building an education section on a app that's populated with lessons via a local JSON file. I don't need this lesson data to sync to cloudkit as the lessons are static, just need them imported into swiftdata so I've tried to use the modelcontainer like this: static func createSharedModelContainer() -> ModelContainer { // --- Define Model Groups --- let localOnlyModels: [any PersistentModel.Type] = [ Lesson.self, MiniLesson.self, Quiz.self, Question.self ] let cloudKitSyncModels: [any PersistentModel.Type] = [ User.self, DailyTip.self, UserSubscription.self, UserEducationProgress.self // User progress syncs ] However, what happens is that I still get Lesson and MiniLesson record types on cloudkit and for some reason as well, whenever I update the data models or delete and reinstall the app on simulator, the lessons duplicate (what seems to happen is that a set of lessons comes from the JSON file as it should), and then 1-2 seconds later, an older set of lessons gets synced from cloudkit. I can delete the old set of lessons if I just delete the lessons and mini lessons record types, but if I update the data model again, this error reccurrs. Sorry, I don't know if I managed to explain this well but essentially I just want to stop the lessons and minilessons from being uploaded to cloudkit as I think this will fix the problem. Am I doing something wrong with the code?

Hello everyone, I am experiencing a persistent authentication error when querying a custom user profile record, and the error message seems to be a red herring. My Setup: I have a custom CKRecord type called ColaboradorProfile. When a new user signs up, I create this record and store their hashed password, salt, nickname, and a custom field called loginIdentifier (which is just their lowercase username). In the CloudKit Dashboard, I have manually added an index for loginIdentifier and set it to Queryable and Searchable. I have deployed this schema to Production. The Problem: During login, I run an async function to find the user's profile using this indexed loginIdentifier. Here is the relevant authentication code: func autenticar() async { // ... setup code (isLoading, etc.) let lowercasedUsername = username.lowercased() // My predicate ONLY filters on 'loginIdentifier' let predicate = NSPredicate(format: "loginIdentifier == %@", lowercasedUsername) let query = CKQuery(recordType: "ColaboradorProfile", predicate: predicate) // I only need these specific keys let desiredKeys = ["password", "passwordSalt", "nickname", "isAdmin", "isSubAdmin", "username"] let database = CKContainer.default().publicCloudDatabase do { // This is the line that throws the error let result = try await database.records(matching: query, desiredKeys: desiredKeys, resultsLimit: 1) // ... (rest of the password verification logic) } catch { // The error always lands here logDebug("Error authenticating with CloudKit: \(error.localizedDescription)") await MainActor.run { self.errorMessage = "Connection Error: \(error.localizedDescription)" self.isLoading = false self.showAlert = true } } } The Error: Even though my query predicate only references loginIdentifier, the catch block consistently reports this error: Error authenticating with CloudKit: Field 'createdBy' is not marked queryable. I know createdBy (the system creatorUserRecordID) is not queryable by default, but my query isn't touching that field. I already tried indexing createdBy just in case, but the error persists. It seems CloudKit cannot find or use my index for loginIdentifier and is incorrectly reporting a fallback error related to a system field. Has anyone seen this behavior? Why would CloudKit report an error about createdBy when the query is explicitly on an indexed, custom field? I'm new to Swift and I'm struggling quite a bit. Thank you,

Testing Environment: iOS 18.4.1 / macOS 15.4.1 I am working on an iOS project that aims to utilize the user's iCloud Drive documents directory to save a specific directory-based file structure. Essentially, the app would create a root directory where the user chooses in iCloud Drive, then it would populate user generated files in various levels of nested directories. I have been attempting to use NSMetadataQuery with various predicates and search scopes but haven't been able to get it to directly monitor changes to files or directories that are not in the root directory. Instead, it only monitors files or directories in the root directory, and any changes in a subdirectory are considered an update to the direct children of the root directory. Example iCloud Drive Documents (Not app's ubiquity container) User Created Root Directory (Being monitored) File A Directory A File B An insertion or deletion within Directory A would only return a notification with userInfo containing data for NSMetadataQueryUpdateChangedItemsKey relating to Directory A, and not the file or directory itself that was inserted or deleted. (Query results array also only contain the direct children.) I have tried all combinations of these search scopes and predicates with no luck: query.searchScopes = [ rootDirectoryURL, NSMetadataQueryUbiquitousDocumentsScope, NSMetadataQueryAccessibleUbiquitousExternalDocumentsScope, ] NSPredicate(value: true) NSPredicate(format: "%K LIKE '*.md'", NSMetadataItemFSNameKey) NSPredicate(format: "%K BEGINSWITH %@", NSMetadataItemPathKey, url.path(percentEncoded: false)) I do see these warnings in the console upon starting my query: [CRIT] UNREACHABLE: failed to get container URL for com.apple.CloudDocs [ERROR] couldn't fetch remote operation IDs: NSError: Cocoa 257 "The file couldn’t be opened because you don’t have permission to view it." "Error returned from daemon: Error Domain=com.apple.accounts Code=7 "(null)"" But I am not sure what to make of that, since it does act normally for finding updates in the root directory. Hopefully this isn't a limitation of the API, as the only alternative I could think of would be to have multiple queries running for each nested directory that I needed updates for.

Hi, I'm trying to sign in with Apple CloudKit. I'm using the following code: 'use client'; import { CLOUDKIT_CONSTANTS } from '@/constants/cloudkit'; import { setCloudKitConfigured } from '@/lib/cloudkitSingleton'; import { CloudKitStatic } from '@/types/cloudkit'; import Script from 'next/script'; declare global { interface Window { CloudKit: CloudKitStatic; } } export default function Home() { const initializeCloudKit = async () => { console.info('⭐️ initializeCloudKit - start'); // 古い認証情報を削除 try { // LocalStorageから古い認証情報を削除 const keysToRemove = []; for (let i = 0; i < localStorage.length; i++) { const key = localStorage.key(i); if (key && (key.includes('cloudkit') || key.includes('CloudKit'))) { keysToRemove.push(key); } } keysToRemove.forEach(key => localStorage.removeItem(key)); // SessionStorageからも削除 const sessionKeysToRemove = []; for (let i = 0; i < sessionStorage.length; i++) { const key = sessionStorage.key(i); if (key && (key.includes('cloudkit') || key.includes('CloudKit'))) { sessionKeysToRemove.push(key); } } sessionKeysToRemove.forEach(key => sessionStorage.removeItem(key)); console.log('古い認証情報を削除しました'); } catch (cleanupError) { console.warn('認証情報のクリーンアップ中にエラー:', cleanupError); } try { const cloudKit = window.CloudKit.configure({ containers: [ { containerIdentifier: 'XXXXXX', apiTokenAuth: { apiToken: 'XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX', persist: false, signInButton: { id: 'cloudkit-sign-in-button', theme: 'black', }, signOutButton: { id: 'cloudkit-sign-out-button', theme: 'black', }, }, environment: 'development', }, ], }); console.info('⭐️ cloudKit', cloudKit); setCloudKitConfigured(true); const container = cloudKit.getDefaultContainer(); console.info('⭐️ CloudKit configured, setting up auth...'); // 初期認証状態をチェック try { const initialUser = await container.setUpAuth(); console.info('⭐️ setUpAuth result:', initialUser); } catch (authError) { console.info('⭐️ setUpAuth error (expected for unauthenticated):', authError); } // CloudKitの標準コールバックも併用（念のため） try { container.whenUserSignsIn().then((userInfo: any) => { console.info('⭐️ CALLBACK: whenUserSignsIn fired!', userInfo); }); container.whenUserSignsOut().then(() => { console.info('⭐️ CALLBACK: whenUserSignsOut fired!'); }); } catch (callbackError) { console.info('⭐️ Callback setup error (non-critical):', callbackError); } console.info('⭐️ initializeCloudKit - completed'); } catch (error) { console.error('⭐️ Critical CloudKit initialization error:', error); } }; return ( <> <Script src="https://cdn.apple-cloudkit.com/ck/2/cloudkit.js" strategy="afterInteractive" onLoad={() => { initializeCloudKit(); }} onError={error => { console.error('⭐️ CloudKit initialization error:', error); }} /> <div id="cloudkit-sign-in-button" /> <div id="cloudkit-sign-out-button" /> </> ); } In Chrome secret tab, I can sign in successfully. But in Chrome normal tab, I can't sign in. In normal tab, following error occurs on sign in button click: cloudkit.js:14 Uncaught (in promise) Error: UNKNOWN_ERROR cloudkit.js:14 GET https://api.apple-cloudkit.com/database/1/XXXXXX/XXXXXX/public/users/caller?ckjsBuildVersion=2420ProjectDev22&ckjsVersion=2.6.4&clientId=XXXXX-XXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXXX& ckAPIToken=XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX 421 (Misdirected Request) I think, cloudkit instance has re-initialized when I click the sign in button only in normal tab. So I can't sign in. Do you have any idea what might be causing the error ? Thanks in advance for your help!

The NSMetadataUbiquitousItemDownloadingStatusKey indicates the status of a ubiquitous (iCloud Drive) file. A key value of NSMetadataUbiquitousItemDownloadingStatusDownloaded is defined as indicating there is a local version of this file available. The most current version will get downloaded as soon as possible . However this no longer occurs since iOS 18.4. A ubiquitous file may remain in the NSMetadataUbiquitousItemDownloadingStatusDownloaded state for an indefinite period. There is a workaround: call [NSFileManager startDownloadingUbiquitousItemAtURL: error:] however this shouldn't be necessary, and introduces delays over the previous behaviour. Has anyone else seen this behaviour? Is this a permanent change? FB17662379

Hi everyone, Im trying to set up CloudKit for my Unreal Engine 5.4 project but seem to be hitting some roadblocks on how to set up the Record Types. From my understanding I need to set up a "file" record type with a "contents" asset field - but even with this it doesn't seem to work :( Any unreal engine devs with some experience on this who could help me out? Thanks!

What have people's experience with converting locally stored app data to a more browser based accessible format? Firebase seems expensive, Subabase a bit more challenging, and CloudKit too restrictive.

Hello, I am building a pretty large database (~40MB) to be used in my SwiftData iOS app as read-only. While inserting and updating the data, I noticed a substantial increase in size (+ ~10MB). A little digging pointed to ACHANGE and ATRANSACTION tables that apparently are dealing with Persistent History Tracking. While I do appreciate the benefits of that, I prefer to save space. Could you please point me in the right direction?

In core-data I have a contact and location entity. I have one-to-many relationship from contact to locations and one-to-one from location to contact. I create contact in a seperate view and save it. Later I create a location, fetch the created contact, and save it while specifying the relationship between location and contact contact and test if it actually did it and it works. viewContext.perform { do { // Set relationship using the generated accessor method currentContact.addToLocations(location) try viewContext.save() print("Saved successfully. Locations count:", currentContact.locations?.count ?? 0) if let locs = currentContact.locations { print("📍 Contact has \(locs.count) locations.") for loc in locs { print("➡️ Location: \(String(describing: (loc as AnyObject).locationName ?? "Unnamed"))") } } } catch { print("Failed to save location: \(error.localizedDescription)") } } In my NSManagedObject class properties I have this : for Contact: @NSManaged public var locations: NSSet? for Location: @NSManaged public var contact: Contact? in my persistenceController I have: for desc in [publicStore, privateStore] { desc.setOption(true as NSNumber, forKey: NSPersistentStoreRemoteChangeNotificationPostOptionKey) desc.setOption(true as NSNumber, forKey: NSPersistentHistoryTrackingKey) desc.setOption(true as NSNumber, forKey: NSMigratePersistentStoresAutomaticallyOption) desc.setOption(true as NSNumber, forKey: NSInferMappingModelAutomaticallyOption) desc.setOption(true as NSNumber, forKey: "CKSyncCoreDataDebug") // Optional: Debug sync // Add these critical options for relationship sync desc.setOption(true as NSNumber, forKey: "NSPersistentStoreCloudKitEnforceRecordExistsKey") desc.setOption(true as NSNumber, forKey: "NSPersistentStoreCloudKitMaintainReferentialIntegrityKey") // Add this specific option to force schema update desc.setOption(true as NSNumber, forKey: "NSPersistentStoreRemoteStoreUseCloudKitSchemaKey") } When synchronization happens on CloudKit side, it creates CKRecords: CD_Contact and CD_Location. However for CD_Location it creates the relationship CD_contact as a string and references the CD_Contact. This I thought should have come as REFERENCE On the CD_Contact there is no CD_locations field at all. I do see the relationships being printed on coredata side but it does not come as REFERENCE on cloudkit. Spent over a day on this. Is this normal, what am I doing wrong here? Can someone advise?

SwiftData crashes 100% when fetching history of a model that contains an optional codable property that's updated: SwiftData/Schema.swift:389: Fatal error: Failed to materialize a keypath for someCodableID.someID from CrashModel. It is possible that this path traverses a type that does not work with append(), please file a bug report with a test. Would really appreciate some help or even a workaround. Code: import Foundation import SwiftData import Testing struct VaultsSwiftDataKnownIssuesTests { @Test func testCodableCrashInHistoryFetch() async throws { let container = try ModelContainer( for: CrashModel.self, configurations: .init( isStoredInMemoryOnly: true ) ) let context = ModelContext(container) try SimpleHistoryChecker.hasLocalHistoryChanges(context: context) // 1: insert a new value and save let model = CrashModel() model.someCodableID = SomeCodableID(someID: "testid1") context.insert(model) try context.save() // 2: check history it's fine. try SimpleHistoryChecker.hasLocalHistoryChanges(context: context) // 3: update the inserted value before then save model.someCodableID = SomeCodableID(someID: "testid2") try context.save() // The next check will always crash on fetchHistory with this error: /* SwiftData/Schema.swift:389: Fatal error: Failed to materialize a keypath for someCodableID.someID from CrashModel. It is possible that this path traverses a type that does not work with append(), please file a bug report with a test. */ try SimpleHistoryChecker.hasLocalHistoryChanges(context: context) } } @Model final class CrashModel { // optional codable crashes. var someCodableID: SomeCodableID? // these actually work: //var someCodableID: SomeCodableID //var someCodableID: [SomeCodableID] init() {} } public struct SomeCodableID: Codable { public let someID: String } final class SimpleHistoryChecker { static func hasLocalHistoryChanges(context: ModelContext) throws { let descriptor = HistoryDescriptor<DefaultHistoryTransaction>() let history = try context.fetchHistory(descriptor) guard let last = history.last else { return } print(last) } }

Hello, thank you Apple for supporting custom store with SwiftData and the Schema type is superb to work with. I have successfully set one up with SQL and have some feedback and issues regarding its APIs. There’s a highlighted message in the documentation about not using internal restricted symbols directly, but they contradict with the given protocols and I am concerned about breaking any App Store rules. Are we allowed to use these? If not, they should be opened up as they’re useful. BackingData is required to set up custom snapshots, initialization, and getting/setting values. And I want to use it with createBackingData() to directly initialize instances from snapshots when transferring them between server and client or concurrency. RelationshipCollection for casting to-many relationships from backing data or checking if an array contains a PersistentModel. SchemaProperty for type erasure in a collection. Schema.Relationship has KeyPath properties, but it is missing for Schema.Attribute and Schema.CompositeAttribute. Which means you can’t purely depend on the schema to map data. I am unable to access the properties of a custom struct type in a predicate unless I use Mirror with schemaMetadata() or CustomStringConvertible on the KeyPath directly to extract it. Trivial, but… the KeyPath property name is inconsistent (it’s all lowercase). It would be nice to retrieve property names from custom struct types, since you are unable access CodingKeys that are auto synthesized by Codable for structs. But I recently realized they’re a part Schema.CompositeAttribute, however I don’t know how to match these without the KeyPath… I currently map my entities using CodingKeys to their PredicateCodableKeyPathProviding.… but I wish for a simpler alternative! It’s unclear how to provide the schema to the snapshot before new models are created. I currently use a static property, but I want to make it flexible if more schemas and configurations are added later on. I considered saving and loading the schema in a temporary location, but doubtful that the KeyPath values will be available as they are not Codable. I suspect schemaMetadata() has the information I need to map the backing data without a schema for snapshots, but as mentioned previously, properties are inaccessible… Allow access to entity metatypes, like value types from SchemaProperty. They’re useful for getting data out of snapshots and casting them to CodingKeys and PredicateCodableKeyPathProviding. They do not carry over when you provide them in the Schema. I am unable to retrieve the primary key from PersistentIdentifier. It seems like once you create one, you can’t get it out, like the DataStoreConfiguration in ModelContainer is not the one you used to set it up. I cannot cast it, it is an entirely different struct? I have to use JSONSerialization to extract it, but I want to get it directly since it is not a column in my database. It is transformed when it goes to/from my tables. It’s unknown how to support some schema options, such as Spotlight and CloudKit. Allow for extending macro options, such as adding options to set as primary key, whether to auto increment, etc… You can create a schema for super and sub entities, but it doesn’t appear you can actually set them up from the @Model macro or use inheritance on these models… SwiftData history tracking seems incomplete for HistoryDelete, because that protocol requires HistoryTombstone, but this type cannot be instantiated, nor does it contain anything useful to infer from. As an aside, I want to create my own custom ModelActor that is a global actor. However, I’m unable to replicate the executor that Apple provides where the executor has a ModelContext, because this type does not conform to Sendable. So how did Apple do this? The documentation doesn’t mention unchecked Sendable, but I figure if the protocol is available then we would be able to set up our own. And please add concurrency features! Anyway, I hope for more continued support in the future and I am looking forward to what’s new this WWDC! 😊

I'm building a photo editing app with a token-based subscription system using RevenueCat and StoreKit. Users purchase subscriptions that grant tokens for AI generations. There are no user accounts, the app is fully anonymous. Currently, I generate an anonymous account ID via RevenueCat SDK and store it in iCloud Keychain. This allows users on the same iCloud account to restore both their subscription and token balance across devices. However, users on a different iCloud account can restore their subscription via Apple, but their token balance is lost because there's no way to link the anonymous IDs. The problem is that if a user switches iCloud accounts or gets a new device without the same iCloud, their purchased tokens are orphaned. The subscription restores fine through Apple, but the token balance tied to the old anonymous ID becomes inaccessible. I have a few constraints: no user accounts, no email or phone sign-in, must work across devices owned by the same person, and must comply with App Store guidelines. My questions are: Is iCloud Keychain the right tool for this, or is there a better approach? Would CloudKit with an anonymous record zone be more appropriate? Are there any recommended patterns for persisting consumable balances tied to anonymous users across device migrations? Any guidance would be appreciated.

Greetings my fellow engineers, I use SwiftData in my iOS app. The schema is unversioned and consists of a single model. I've been modifying the model for almost two years now and relying on automatic database migrations. I had no problems for all that time, but now trying to add a property to the model or even remove a property from the model results in an error which seems like SwiftData is no longer capable of performing an automatic migration. The log console has things like the following: CoreData: error: NSUnderlyingError : Error Domain=NSCocoaErrorDomain Code=134190 "(null)" UserInfo={reason=Each property must have a unique renaming identifier} CoreData: error: reason : Can't find or automatically infer mapping model for migration CoreData: error: storeType: SQLite CoreData: error: configuration: default CoreData: annotation: options: CoreData: annotation: NSMigratePersistentStoresAutomaticallyOption : 1 CoreData: annotation: NSInferMappingModelAutomaticallyOption : 1 CoreData: annotation: NSPersistentStoreRemoteChangeNotificationOptionKey : 1 CoreData: annotation: NSPersistentHistoryTrackingKey : 1 CoreData: error: <NSPersistentStoreCoordinator: 0x7547b5480>: Attempting recovery from error encountered during addPersistentStore: 0x753f8d800 Error Domain=NSCocoaErrorDomain Code=134140 "Persistent store migration failed, missing mapping model." Have you ever encountered such an issue? What are my options?

How do I filter data using @Query with a Set of DateComponents? I successfully saved multiple dates using a MultiDatePicker in AddView.swift. In ListView.swift, I want to retrieve all records for the current or today’s date. There are hundreds of examples using @Query with strings and dates, but I haven’t found an example of @Query using a Set of DateComponents Nothing will compile and after hundreds and hundreds of attempts, my hair is turning gray. Please, please, please help me. For example, if the current date is Tuesday, March 4 205, then I want to retrieve both records. Since both records contain Tuesday, March 4, then retrieve both records. Sorting works fine because the order by clause uses period which is a Double. Unfortunately, my syntax is incorrect and I don’t know the correct predicate syntax for @Query and a Set of DateComponents. Class Planner.swift file import SwiftUI import SwiftData 
 @Model class Planner { //var id: UUID = UUID() var grade: Double = 4.0 var kumi: Double = 4.0 var period: Double = 1.0 var dates: Set<DateComponents> = [] init( grade: Double = 4.0, kumi: Double = 4.0, period: Double = 1.0, dates: Set<DateComponents> = [] ) { self.grade = grade self.kumi = kumi self.period = period self.dates = dates 
 } } @Query Model snippet of code does not work The compile error is to use a Set of DateComponents, not just DateComponents. @Query(filter: #Predicate<Planner> { $0.dates = DateComponents(calendar: Calendar.current, year: 2025, month: 3, day: 4)}, sort: [SortDescriptor(\Planner.period)]) var planner: [Planner] ListView.swift image EditView.swift for record #1 DB Browser for SQLlite: record #1 (March 6, 2025 and March 4, 2025) 
 
 [{"isLeapMonth":false,"year":2025,"day":6,"month":3,"calendar":{"identifier":"gregorian","minimumDaysInFirstWeek":1,"current":1,"locale":{"identifier":"en_JP","current":1},"firstWeekday":1,"timeZone":{"identifier":"Asia\/Tokyo"}},"era":1},{"month":3,"year":2025,"day":4,"isLeapMonth":false,"era":1,"calendar":{"locale":{"identifier":"en_JP","current":1},"timeZone":{"identifier":"Asia\/Tokyo"},"current":1,"identifier":"gregorian","firstWeekday":1,"minimumDaysInFirstWeek":1}}]
 EditView.swift for record #2 DB Browser for SQLlite: record #2 (March 3, 2025 and March 4, 2025) 
 [{"calendar":{"minimumDaysInFirstWeek":1,"locale":{"current":1,"identifier":"en_JP"},"timeZone":{"identifier":"Asia\/Tokyo"},"firstWeekday":1,"current":1,"identifier":"gregorian"},"month":3,"day":3,"isLeapMonth":false,"year":2025,"era":1},{"year":2025,"month":3,"era":1,"day":4,"isLeapMonth":false,"calendar":{"identifier":"gregorian","current":1,"firstWeekday":1,"minimumDaysInFirstWeek":1,"timeZone":{"identifier":"Asia\/Tokyo"},"locale":{"current":1,"identifier":"en_JP"}}}]
 
 Any help is greatly appreciated.

Hi all, I’m trying to understand SwiftData’s runtime semantics around optional to-many relationships, especially in the context of CloudKit-backed models. I ran into behavior that surprised me, and I’d like to confirm whether this is intended design or a potential issue / undocumented behavior. Minimal example import SwiftUI import SwiftData @Model class Node { var children: [Node]? = nil var parent: Node? = nil init(children: [Node]? = nil, parent: Node? = nil) { self.children = children self.parent = parent print(self.children == nil) } } struct ContentView: View { var body: some View { Button("Create") { _ = Node(children: nil) } } } Observed behavior If @Model is not used, children == nil prints true as expected. If @Model is used, children == nil prints false. Inspecting the macro expansion, it appears SwiftData initializes relationship storage using backing data placeholders and normalizes to-many relationships into empty collections at runtime, even when declared as optional. CloudKit context From the SwiftData + CloudKit documentation: “The iCloud servers don’t guarantee atomic processing of relationship changes, so CloudKit requires all relationships to be optional.” Because of this, modeling relationships as optional is required when syncing with CloudKit, even for to-many relationships. This is why I’m hesitant to simply switch the model to a non-optional [Node] = [], even though that would match the observed runtime behavior. Questions Is it intentional that optional to-many relationships in SwiftData are never nil at runtime, and instead materialize as empty collections? If so, is Optional<[Model]> effectively treated as [Model] for runtime access, despite being required for CloudKit compatibility? Is the defaultValue: nil in the generated Schema.PropertyMetadata intended only for schema/migration purposes rather than representing a possible runtime state? Is there a recommended modeling pattern for CloudKit-backed SwiftData models where relationships must be optional, but runtime semantics behave as non-optional? I’m mainly looking to ensure I’m aligning with SwiftData’s intended design and not relying on behavior that could change or break with CloudKit sync. Thanks in advance for any clarification!

The CloudKit Console includes a Unique Users table in the Usage section. The numbers here are lower than what I would expect. Does this only track a certain percentage of users, e.g. users have opted in to share analytics with developers?

Background: Our non-production App was using SwiftData locally. Yesterday we followed the documentation to enable CloudKit: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/cloudkit/enabling-cloudkit-in-your-app iCloud Works: Data is properly syncing via iCloud between 2 devices. Add on one shows on the other; delete on one deletes on the other. Today we logged into CloudKit Console for the first time; but there are no databases showing. We verified: Users and Roles: we have “Access to Cloud Managed… Certificates” Certificates, Identifiers & Profiles: our app has iCloud capabilities and is using our iCloud Container Signed into CloudKit Console with same developer ID as AppStoreConnect This is also the Apple ID of the iCloud account that has synced data from our app. In Xcode > Signing & Capabilities we are signed in as our Company team. Any guidance or tips to understanding how to what’s going on in CloudKit Console and gaining access to the database is appreciated!

i want to save data like images, text,amd mapviews with swiftui. It is only saved but if you delete the app of buy a new iPhone everything is deleted, how can I make if that the information saved on my app is saved even after I update the app, delete the app, or put the app in another iPhone with SwiftUI? i have watched youtube videos and im still confused,please help.